VDR is a gene that encodes a vitamin-D receptor protein. This protein regulates calcium absorption and bone development. A variant of the gene (rs2228570, FokI polymorphism) is associated with a reduced bone mineral density among white prepubescent girls.

The hnRNP C1/C2 component of the nuclear vitamin D receptor complex interacts with promoter regions of genes that are responsive to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and can induce their transcription. The interaction is regulated by the temporal and reciprocal pattern of on- and off occupancy of the VDRE by the two components, and is influenced through chromosomal sites and binding preferences for specific hormones. Microarray studies of human cells reveal that more than 100 genes carry a distinct VDRE located in their promoters. The VDRE is occupied by transcription repressors in the absence of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. The 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-VDR complex binds to these genes, resulting in the recruitment of hnRNP C1/C2 and other proteins that can compete with the repressors and initiate transcription.

A virtual data room (VDR) is an online repository for information and documents relevant to legal, business transactions or other activities that have limitations on viewing or downloading. It is accessed via central computers and an extranet which is a restricted access Internet connection, to allow users to access the internet at set times.

Companies involved in investment banking and in mergers and acquisitions are the most common users of a VDR. They require an efficient and secure platform to share information with investors or buyers in a manner that is transparent, and the process of due diligence could require huge quantities of data. Life science companies also utilize VDRs for everything from clinical trials results to HIPAA compliance documentation.

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